The 1807 Capped Bust Half Dollar: Bearded Liberty

The 1807 Capped Bust Half Dollar: Bearded Liberty is a unique coin in the history of American numismatics. While the Capped Bust design itself is a hallmark of early U.S. coinage, this particular variant stands out because of an unusual die error that gives Liberty the appearance of a “beard.” This rare and fascinating coin is not only a collector’s dream but also an intriguing artifact that highlights the imperfections in early minting techniques.

Background of the 1807 Capped Bust Half Dollar

The Capped Bust design was introduced in 1807, replacing the Draped Bust design on U.S. Half Dollars. This change was led by John Reich, a German engraver who worked for the U.S. Mint. Reich’s design featured a portrait of Liberty wearing a cap, with her hair flowing over her shoulders. The reverse depicted an eagle with a shield, olive branch, and arrows, symbolizing peace and strength.

Design Features of the 1807 Capped Bust Half Dollar

1. Obverse: Liberty is depicted with a Phrygian cap, a traditional symbol of freedom and liberty. The word “LIBERTY” appears above her, while stars surround her image, representing the original 13 colonies. The date, 1807, is inscribed at the bottom. On the Bearded Liberty variant, the die crack across Liberty’s chin is the defining feature.
2. Reverse: The reverse shows a bald eagle clutching an olive branch and arrows, symbolizing the nation’s commitment to peace and readiness for defense. The words “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” encircle the eagle, with the denomination “50 C.” below it.

The overall design reflects the early efforts of the U.S. Mint to create coinage that symbolized national pride and ideals.

Rarity and Value of the Bearded Liberty

The 1807 Capped Bust Half Dollar is already a collectible coin due to its historical significance and being the inaugural year of the design. However, the Bearded Liberty variant is even more desirable because of its unique error.

• Rarity: The Bearded Liberty is a variety within the 1807 mintage and is relatively rare. Its value is driven by both its scarcity and the interest in error coins among collectors.
• Value: The price of a Bearded Liberty Half Dollar depends on its condition and grade. Coins in circulated condition might fetch between $500 and $1,500, while those in higher grades, such as AU (About Uncirculated) or MS (Mint State), can command prices well over $5,000. Exceptionally preserved examples could sell for even more at auction.

Why Collectors Prize the Bearded Liberty

1. Unique Error: Error coins like the Bearded Liberty are prized for their distinctiveness and rarity. This particular die crack adds a level of charm and curiosity that sets it apart from standard 1807 Half Dollars.
2. Historical Significance: As the first year of the Capped Bust series, 1807 coins hold historical importance. The Bearded Liberty variant adds another layer of intrigue to this key year in numismatics.
3. Artistic Appeal: Despite the error, the design remains a testament to the skill and artistry of early U.S. Mint engravers. The Bearded Liberty is a fascinating blend of craftsmanship and imperfection.

Conclusion

The 1807 Capped Bust Half Dollar: Bearded Liberty is a fascinating piece of numismatic history. Its die crack error makes it a unique and desirable collectible, while its historical and artistic significance adds to its allure. Whether you’re an experienced collector or a newcomer to the hobby, the Bearded Liberty is a coin worth seeking out, as it embodies both the imperfections and the artistry of early American coinage.

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