The 1867 Shield Nickel “With Rays” is a key coin in the history of American numismatics, representing the early days of nickel coinage in the United States. As part of the Shield Nickel series, the 1867 Type 1 variant is notable for its distinctive design that includes rays on the reverse, symbolizing strength and unity during a tumultuous period in U.S. history. This coin’s historical context, design elements, and collectible nature make it a fascinating subject for coin enthusiasts and collectors.
Background
The Shield Nickel series was first introduced in 1866, following the end of the Civil War. This new coinage was part of a broader effort by the U.S. Mint to create durable, cost-effective coins made from a copper-nickel alloy. Before the introduction of the Shield Nickel, the United States primarily relied on silver coins, which became scarce during the war due to hoarding. The Shield Nickel was the first five-cent coin made without silver, reflecting a shift toward more practical materials for everyday currency.
Design and Features of the 1867 Shield Nickel
The 1867 Shield Nickel is divided into two types: Type 1 – With Rays and Type 2 – No Rays. The Type 1 variety is distinguished by rays emanating from between the stars on the reverse side. This unique feature was intended to enhance the coin’s aesthetic appeal and provide additional symbolism of unity and strength.
Obverse
The obverse of the coin showcases the Shield design, a prominent feature of U.S. coinage during the period. The shield represents protection and unity, while the olive branches signify peace. The intricate design elements are complemented by the national motto “IN GOD WE TRUST,” which became a staple of American coinage after the Civil War.
Reverse
The reverse of the Type 1 Shield Nickel is what sets it apart from later versions. It features a circular arrangement of 13 stars surrounding the denomination “5 CENTS.” Radiating from between the stars are rays, which add visual depth to the design. This detail was intended to symbolize the strength and radiance of the Union, underscoring the coin’s patriotic message.
Production and Challenges
The 1867 Type 1 Shield Nickel was struck at the Philadelphia Mint, with a total mintage of approximately 2.02 million coins. While this number is relatively modest compared to modern coinage, the coin was produced in significant enough quantities to serve as a critical component of the nation’s currency.
Collectibility and Value
The 1867 Shield Nickel Type 1 – With Rays is a sought-after coin among collectors due to its historical significance, distinctive design, and relatively low mintage. Its value depends on factors such as condition, rarity, and demand. Coins in circulated condition typically range in value from $25 to $100, while well-preserved examples in higher grades can command prices exceeding $1,000.
Historical Significance
The 1867 Shield Nickel “With Rays” holds a unique place in American history as a symbol of Reconstruction and national unity. Its design reflects the challenges and aspirations of a nation recovering from civil war, making it a meaningful artifact of the era. Additionally, the introduction of the Shield Nickel marked a turning point in U.S. coinage, as the country transitioned away from silver and embraced new materials and designs.
Conclusion
The 1867 Shield Nickel: Type 1 – With Rays is more than just a coin; it is a testament to the resilience and innovation of the United States during a pivotal period in its history. Its striking design, historical importance, and collectible value make it a standout piece in any numismatic collection. Whether you are a seasoned collector or a history enthusiast, the 1867 Shield Nickel is a fascinating glimpse into the art and culture of 19th-century America.
FAQs
1. What distinguishes the Type 1 – With Rays Shield Nickel from other Shield Nickels?
The Type 1 variety includes rays between the stars on the reverse, a design element removed later in 1867 due to production difficulties.
2. How much is the 1867 Shield Nickel Type 1 – With Rays worth?
The value ranges from $25 to $100 for circulated coins, while high-grade or proof examples can command prices exceeding $1,000.
3. Why were the rays removed from the Shield Nickel design in 1867?
The rays caused excessive die wear and production issues, prompting the U.S. Mint to simplify the reverse design by removing them.