The 1822 Capped Bust Quarter: 25 Cent Over 50 Cent is a fascinating error coin that has captivated collectors for decades. Part of the Capped Bust series designed by John Reich, this quarter holds a special place in numismatic history due to its unusual reverse minting error. Instead of correctly showing “25 C.” to indicate its denomination, the reverse die was originally engraved with “50 C.” intended for a half dollar, then corrected. The result is an intriguing overpunched design that remains visible on the coin.
Historical Context
The Capped Bust series was introduced in 1815 for the half dollar and extended to quarters in 1815. Designed by assistant engraver John Reich, the series features Liberty with a cap symbolizing freedom, accompanied by an intricate reverse showcasing an eagle and shield.
Design Features
Obverse Design
- The obverse features Lady Liberty in profile, wearing a Phrygian cap inscribed with “LIBERTY.”
- Thirteen stars surround Liberty, symbolizing the original colonies.
- The date “1822” is centered at the bottom of the design.
Reverse Design
- The reverse displays a bald eagle with outstretched wings, clutching an olive branch and arrows in its talons, symbolizing peace and preparedness.
- The eagle is shielded by a prominent heraldic device.
- The denomination is inscribed as “25 C.”, but careful inspection reveals remnants of “50 C.”, the original engraving for a half dollar.
Specifications
- Composition: 89.24% silver, 10.76% copper.
- Weight: 6.74 grams.
- Diameter: 27 mm.
The 25 Cent Over 50 Cent Error
The 25 Cent Over 50 Cent error arose when a reverse die intended for a half dollar (50 C.) was repurposed to strike quarters. Instead of creating a new die, the Mint altered the existing die by punching “25 C.” over “50 C.” The earlier inscription was never completely removed, leaving clear traces of “50 C.” visible beneath the correction.
Rarity and Surviving Examples
The total mintage of 64,080 quarters in 1822 makes this issue relatively scarce compared to modern coins. However, the 25 Cent Over 50 Cent error is even rarer. Experts estimate that fewer than 50 specimens of this error variety exist today.
Factors contributing to its rarity include:
- Limited Mintage: Early U.S. coin production was modest, especially for quarters.
- Circulation Wear: Coins were heavily used, leaving few in collectible condition.
- Natural Attrition: Many coins were melted, lost, or damaged over time.
Value and Collectibility
The 1822 Capped Bust Quarter: 25 Cent Over 50 Cent is highly sought after due to its rarity and the distinctive nature of its minting error. Its value depends heavily on its condition:
- Good (G-4): $2,500–$5,000
- Fine (F-12): $7,000–$12,000
- Extremely Fine (EF-40): $20,000–$35,000
- Mint State (MS-60 or higher): Over $50,000
Tips for Collectors
Authentication
Due to its value, authentication is essential. Coins should be certified by professional grading services like PCGS or NGC to ensure authenticity and proper attribution of the error.
Condition Is Key
The coin’s condition significantly affects its value. Seek coins with minimal wear and clear visibility of the overpunched “50 C.” under the “25 C.”
Buy From Reputable Sources
Given the potential for counterfeit coins, it’s crucial to purchase from trusted dealers or auction houses specializing in rare coins.
Why the 1822 Capped Bust Quarter: 25 Cent Over 50 Cent Stands Out
This coin embodies the challenges and quirks of early U.S. Mint operations. The overpunched error is not just a technical mistake; it’s a tangible connection to the resourcefulness and imperfections of the era. For collectors, owning such a coin represents a unique opportunity to preserve a piece of American history.
Conclusion
The 1822 Capped Bust Quarter: 25 Cent Over 50 Cent is an extraordinary piece of numismatic history. Its unique error, combined with its rarity and historical significance, makes it a must-have for serious coin collectors. With fewer than 50 surviving examples, this coin offers a rare glimpse into the craftsmanship and ingenuity of the early U.S. Mint.
FAQs
What makes the 1822 Capped Bust Quarter: 25 Cent Over 50 Cent special?
This coin features a rare minting error where “25 C.” was punched over “50 C.” on the reverse, making it a valuable collector’s item.
How rare is this coin?
Fewer than 50 examples of the 25 Cent Over 50 Cent error are believed to exist today, adding to its appeal and value.
Where can I buy an authenticated example?
Reputable dealers, major auction houses, or certified coin shows are the best places to find authenticated examples graded by PCGS or NGC.